DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR 

BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION 


BULLETIN,  1917,  No.  54 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY 

SUGGESTIONS  FOR  TEACHING  GOOD  MANNERS 
IN  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS 


BY 


MARGARET  S.  McNAUGHT 

COMMISSIONER  OF  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS 
OP  CALIFORNIA 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 
1918 


BULLETIN  OF  THE  BUREAU  OP  EDUCATION. 

NOTE. — With  the  exceptions  indicated,  the  documents  named  below  will  be  sent  free 
of  charge  upon  application  to  the  Commissioner  of  Education,  Washington,  D.  C.  Those 
marked  with  an  asterisk  (*)  are  no  longer  available  for  free  distribution,  but  may  be 
had  of  the  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Government  Printing  Office,  Washington,  D.  C., 
upon  payment  of  the  price  stated.  ^Remittances  should  be  made  in  coin,  currency,  or 
money  order.  Stamps  are  not  accepted. 

A  complete  list  of  available  publications  will  be  sent  upon  application. 

1917. 

*No.   1.  Monthly   record  of  current  educational   publications,   January,   1917. 

5  cts. 

*No.    2.  Reorganization  of  English  in  secondary  schools.    A  report  of  the  Com- 
mission on  Secondary  Education.    James  P.  Hosic.    20  cts. 
*No.   3.  Pme-needle  basketry  in  schools.    William  C.  A.  -fiammel.    5  cts. 
No.   4.  Secondary  agricultural  schools  in  Russia.    W.  S.  Jesien. 
*No.   5.  Report  of  an  inquiry  into  the  administration  and  support  of  the  Colo- 
rado school  system.    Katherine  M.  Cook  and  A.  C.  Monahan.    10  cts. 
No.   6.  Educative  and  economic  possibilities  of  school -directed  home  gardening 

in  Richmond,  Ind.    J.  L.  Randall. 

No.    7.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  February,  1917. 
No.   8.  Current  practice  in  city  school  administration.    W.  S.  Deffenbaugh. 
No.   9.  Department-store  education.    Helen  R.  Norton. 
No,  10.  Development  of  arithmetic  as  a  school  subject.    W,  S.  Monroe. 
*No.  11.  Higher  technical   education   in  foreign   countries.     A.   T.    Smitli   and 

W.  S.  Jesien.    20  cts. 

No.  12.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  March,  1917. 
No.  13.  Monthly  record  of  current  educationalpublications,  April,  1917. 
No.  14.  A  graphic  survey  of  book  publication,  1890-1916.    F.  E.  Woodward. 
No.  15.  Studies  in  higher  education  in  Ireland  and  Wales,    Geo.  E.  MacLean. 
No.  16.  Studies  in  higher  education  in  England  and  Scotland.    Geo.  E.  Mac- 
Lean. 

No.  17.  Accredited  higher  institutions.    S.  P.  Capen. 

*No.  18.  History  of  public-school  education  in  Delaware.    S.  B.  Weeks.    20  ct«. 
No.  19.  Report  of  a  survey  of  the  University  of  Nevada. 
No.  20.  Activities  of  school  children  in  out-of-school  hours.    C.  D.  Jarvis. 
No.  21.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  May,  1917. 
No.  22.  Money  value  of  education.    A.  C.  Ellis. 

*No.  23.  Three  short  courses  in  home  making.    Carrie  A.  Lyford.    15  cts. 
No.  24.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications— Index,  February. 

1916-January,  1917. 
No.  25.  Military    training    of    youths    of    school    age    in    foreign    countries. 

W.  S.  Jesien. 

No.  26.  Garden  clubs  in  the  schools  of  Englewood,  N.  J.    Charles  O.  Smith. 
No.  27.  Training  of  teachers  of  mathematics  for  secondary  schools.    R.  C.  Arch- 
ibald. 

No.  28.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  June,  1917. 
No.  29.  Practice  teaching  for  secondary  school  teachers.    A.  R.  Mead. 
No.  30.  School  extension  statistics,  1915-16.    Clarence  A.  Perry. 
No.  31.  Rural-teacher  preparation  in  county  training  schools  and  high  schools. 

H.  W.  Foght. 

No.  32.  Work  of  the  Bureau  of  Education  for  the  natives  of  Alaska,  1915 
No.  33.  A  comparison  of  the  salaries  of  rural  and  urban  superintendents  of 
schools.    A.  C.  Monahan  and  C.  H.  Dye. 

[Continued  on  page  3  of  cover,] 


DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR 

BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION 


BULLETIN,  1917,  No.  54 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY 

SUGGESTIONS  FOR  TEACHING  GOOD  MANNERS 
IN  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS 


BY 


MARGARET  S.  McNAUGHT 

COMMISSIONER  OF  ELEMENTARY  SCHOOLS 
OF  CALIFORNIA 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 
1918 


ADDITIONAL  COPIES 

OF  THIS  PUBLICATION  MAY  BE  PROCURED  FROM 

THE  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  DOCUMENTS 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

AT 

10  CENTS  PER  COPY 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Letter  of  transmittal 5 

Introduction 7 

I.  What  constitutes  good  conduct: 

Cleanliness 10 

Neatness 14 

Care  of  public  property 15 

Conduct  at  school 17 

^Tiat  to  do 20 

What  not  tb  do 21 

Conduct  at  home 22 

Common  courtesies 23 

Manners  at  the  table 24 

How  to  behave  in  camp  or  at  a  picnic 27 

General  rules  of  conduct 29 

II.  Good  manners  dramatized : 

Cleanliness 37 

Fair  play 38 

Behavior  on  street  cars 39 

A  picnic 41 

Bibliography 42 

3 


383463 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


Page. 
FIG.  1.  Everybody  clean.     Everybody  busy.     Everybody  happy Frontispiece. 

2.  An  American  gentleman 8 

3.  School  children  taking  lessons  in  cleaning  their  teeth 12 

4.  Everybody  clean.     Everybody  playing.     Everybody  happy 15 

5.  If  these  children  are  kind  and  polite,  everybody  will  have  a  turn 18 

6.  This  noble  man  was  once  a  poor  boy , 20 

7.  The  right  way  to  hold  the  knife  and  fork 24 

8.  The  wrong  way  to  hold  the  knife  and  fork 25 

9.  A  beautiful  picnic  ground 27 

10.  A  forest  fire 28 

11.  A  once  beautiful  and  valuable  forest  now  in  ruins 29 

12.  Taking  a  present  to  a  sick  schoolmate 30 

13.  How  not  to  walk  on  the  sidewalk 32 

14.  Conversing  with  lady  out  of  doors,  therefore  hat  in  hand 33 

15.  Dramatization  of  telling  on  themselves 38 

16.  Children  dramatizing  behavior  on  street  cars 40 

17.  ("leaning  up  after  a  picnic 41 

4 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 


DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  INTERIOR, 

BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION, 
Washington,  December  26,  1917. 

SIR:  A  year  or  so  ago  the  department  of  education  of  the  State  of 
California  published  for  use  in  the  schools  of  that  State  a  pamphlet 
containing  many  valuable  suggestions  for  teaching  good  manners 
in  the  elementary  schools.  The  matter  and  style  of  this  pam- 
phlet are  so  good  that  I  have  induced  Dr.  Margaret  Schallenberger 
McNaught,  commissioner  of  elementary  schools  of  California,  the 
author  of  the  pamphlet,  to  revise  it  for  publication  by  the  Bureau 
of  Education,  so  that  it  may  be  thus  made  available  for  the  schools 
of  all  the  States,  Territories,  and  possessions  of  the  United  States. 
I  am  transmitting  this  revision  for  this  purpose. 
Respectfully  submitted. 

P.  P.  CLAXTON, 

Commissioner 
The  SECRETARY  OF  THE   INTERIOR. 

34502°— 18 2  5 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY. 


INTRODUCTION. 


Realizing  the  difficulty  of  teaching  morals  and  manners,  subjects 
which  the  laws  of  many  States  require  to  he  taught,  this  bulletin  on 
good  manners  has  been  prepared  as  a  help  to  elementary  teachers. 

Though  written  for  the  teachers,  it  is  addressed  to  the  children  and 
may  be  used  in  various  ways :  It  may  be  read  silently  by  the  teacher 
and  discussed  with  the  children;  it  may  be  used  merely  as  added 
material  to  suggest  or  to  supplement  lessons  planned  by  the  teacher — 
for  it  is  by  no  means  exhaustive ;  it  may  be  read  aloud  to  the  children ; 
or  the  older  boys  and  girls  may  read  it  for  themselves. 

Acknowledgments  are  due  to  Mr.  Frank  L.  Crone,  Director  of  Edu- 
cation in  the  Philippines,  for  his  courtesy  in  granting  permission  to 
use  material  contained  in  Bulletin  No.  47,  "Good  Manners  and  Right 
Conduct,"  published  by  the  Philippine  Bureau  of  Education  for  use 
in  primary  grades;  also  to  the  Parent-Teacher  Association  of  Santa 
Ana,  Cal.,  for  extracts  from  a  pamphlet  issued  under  the  title, 
"  Courtesies  for  Every  Day,"  and  adapted  herein  under  the  headings, 
" Street  Conduct  for  Boys"  and  " Street  Conduct  for  Girls";  also  to 
Miss  Bessie  McCabe  of  the  training  department  of  the  San  Jose  (Cal.) 
State  Normal  School  for  dramatization  lessons  in  manners  and  con- 
duct wrought  out  under  her  direction  by  primary  children  and  their 
student  teachers.  ^ 

An  American  visitor  to  Europe  can  tell,  by  the  manners  and  the 
mode  of  speech,  the  social  grade  and  education  of  almost  every  man, 
woman,  and  child  he  meets.  The  European  visitor  to  America  has  no 
such  guides  in  dealing  with  persons  whom  he  meets  on  the  streets  or 
in  railway  trains  and  hotels.  In  Europe  for  centuries  past  the  differ- 
ences in  education  and  association  have  been  so  great  as  to  make 
and  mark  a  wide  and  deep  distinction  between  the  courtly  manners 
of  the  gentleman  and  those  of  the  shopkeeper,  the  mechanic,  and  the 
boor;  and  the  effects  of  that  training  are  everywhere  evident.  In  our 
country  the  opposite  course  has  been  taken,  and  wherever  manners 
are  taught  at  all  they  are  taught  as  parts  of  a  universal  democracy. 

The  aim  at  an  equality  of  manners  began  with  the  founders  of  the 
Republic.  They  showed  this  aim  as  markedly  in  social  intercourse 
as  in  their  political  campaigns.  A  foreign  minister  once  observed 
Thomas  Jefferson  lift  his  hat  in  response  to  an  old  negro  who  had 
bowed  to  him  as  he  passed.  "  I  am  surprised,  Mr.  President,"  said  the 


8 


TRAINING   IN   COURTESY. 


minister;  "that  you  take  off  your  hat  to  a  slave."  "Why,"  replied 
Jefferson,  "I  should  not  like  to  have  a  slave  more  polite  than  I  am." 
An  American  sailor  landing  in  England  shortly  after  the  close  of  the 
War  of  the  Revolution,  took  a  first-class  seat  in  a  stage  coach,  but  was 
told  to  get  out,  as  such  seats  were  reserved  for  gentlemen.  "I  am  a 


FIG.  2. — An  American  gentleman. 


gentleman,"  said  the  sailor.  "Who  made  gentlemen  out  of  fellows 
like  you?"  asked  the  coach  guard.  "George  Washington,"  said  the 
sailor;  and  he  kept  his  seat. 

We  have,  then,  a  democracy  of  manners,  established  by  Washing- 
ton, illustrated  by  Jefferson,  and  upheld  by  popular  favor  and  aspira- 


INTRODUCTION.  9 

tion.  We  can  not  expect,  nor  do  we  wish,  to  give  to  the  busy  workers 
of  our  land  the  fine,  formal,  elaborate  manners  of  royal  courts;  but, 
on  the  other  hand,  we  are  not  willing  that  any  of  our  people  shall  have 
other  iniinners  than  those  which  result  from  what  was  known  of  old 
as  "good  breeding." 

The  importance  of  education  in  manners  is  due  to  the  fact  that  a 
knowledge  of  social  customs  and  social  usages  is  almost  as  necessary 
to  civilized  man  as  a  knowledge  of  how  to  earn  a  living.  If  men  and 
women  did  hot  know  and  observe  the  rule  of  the  road  "turn  to  the 
right,"  their  movements  along  any  street  or  highway  would  be  a 
continuous  disturbance  of  traffic,  not  only  annoying,  but  liable  to 
become  dangerous  at  an  unexpected  moment.  So  it  is  with  every 
other  social  custom.  The  young  man  or  woman  who  does  not  know 
the  rules  of  business  or  of  social  life  is  frequently  ill  at  ease,  awkward, 
confused,  and  unable  rightly  to  exert  powers  of  speech  or  action,  when 
opportunities  off ei  for  making  friends  that  may  be  of  larger  importance 
than  will  come  again  for  years. 

In  all  education,  manners  should  be  taught  as  matters  of  sufficient 
value  to  be  studied  for  themselves,  not  merely  as  minor  parts  of 
health  laws,  good  conduct,  or  school  discipline.  It  is  true  that  right 
manners  resulting  from  good  breeding  tend  toward  health  and  good 
conduct  and  obedience,  but  they  have  also  a  virtue  of  their  own. 
They  demand  for  their  attainment:  First,  control  of  petty  irritations, 
capricious  likes  or  dislikes,  carelessness  of  speech,  rudeness  of  action, 
and  all  foims  of  selfishness;  and,  second,  consideration  for  others, 
kindliness  of  will,  and  gentleness  of  word  and  sentiment.  The  daily^ 
exercise  of  this  control  and  this  consideration  of  others  reacts  upon 
all  the  "impulses  or  processes  of  the  mind  and  tends  to  produce  < 
excellency  of  character. 


I.  WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD  CONDUCT. 

CLEANLINESS. 

All  of  us  like  to  have  friends  and  to  be  near  our  friends.  We  should 
be  careful,  then,  to  please  them  and  certainly  we  should  not  offend 
them. 

We  are  pleasanter  companions  when  we  are  clean  than  when  we 
are  dirty.  We  may  be  offensive  if  we  are  dirty.  Boys  and  girls  who 
are  not  clean  may  be  most  unwelcome  in  a  group  of  their  classmates 
or  playmates;  yet  no  one  of  the  group  would  wish  to  say  to  them, 
"You  are  not  clean,  I  do  not  like  to  play  with  you/'  because  that 
might  hurt  the  feelings  of  the  uncleanly  children. 

It  is  not  necessary  to  be  so  unwelcome.  'We  can  be  clean  if  we 
know  how  to  be  clean  and  if  we  take  pride  in  being  clean.  There  are 
certain  facts  about  the  care  of  the  body  that  all  boys  and  girls  should 
know  and  certain  acts  of  cleanliness  that  ought  to  be  practiced  so 
often  and  so  regularly  that  they  become  habits  of  life. 

The  older  children  of  a  family  ought  to  help  the  younger  and 
weaker  ones  until  they  are  old  enough  and  strong  enough  to  care  for 
themselves  properly. 

Care  of  the  ~body. — Since  we  must  look  at  one  another  as  we  work 
and  play  together,  we  ought  to'  look  as  clean  as  possible;  the  cleaner 
we  are  the  better  we  look.  It  is  agreeable  to  sit  or  to  stand  near  a 
person  who  bathes  frequently,  for  no  unpleasant  odor  comes  from  the 
skin  of  such  a  person.  It  makes  us  happy  to  feel  that  those  who  are 
with  us  every  day  like  to  have  us  near  them.  You  know  how  com- 
fortable we  feel  after  we  have  had  a  good  bath.  We  may  not  realize 
that  not  only  are  we  ourselves  comfortable  and  happy  because  we  are 
clean,  but  that  we  are  making  others  comfortable  and  happy,  because 
we  are  clean;  and  that  for  this  reason  they  like  to  look  at  us  and  they 
like  to  be  near  us.  It  is  because  other  people  are  made  uncomfort- 
able when  we  are  dirty  that  it  shows  good  manners  on  our  part  to 
be  as  clean  as  possible.  We  know  it  is  bad  manners  to  say  things 
which  hurt  the  feelings  of  others.  I  wonder  if  we  ever  have  thought 
it  is  bad  manners  to  hurt  the  feelings  of  other  people  by  coming 
among  them  with  unclean  bodies  or  that  it  shows  good  manners  to 
give  people  pleasure  by  being  as  clean  as  possible. 

We  can  not  give  this  pleasure  unless  we  bathe  the  whole  body  in  a 
tub,  if  possible,  using  warm  water  and  soap,  at  least  once  a  week — 
twice  would  be  better— and  change  soiled  underclothing  for  clean 
10 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD   CONDUCT.  11 

garments  certainly  once  a  week.  In  warm  weather  we  should  bathe 
oftener  with  warm  water  and  soap,  because  we  perspire  more  freely. 

Face  and  hands. — No  one  likes  to  look  at  a  dirty  face  or  dirty  hands. 
No  one  enjoys  being  touched  by  dirty  hands.  If  the  hands  are  soiled 
in  a  kind  of  work  or  play  that  makes  it  impossible  to  keep  them  clean, 
they  should  be  washed  when  this  kind  of  work  or  play  is  ended  and 
before  beginning  other  work  or  play  that  will  not  soil  them.  Your 
teacher  will  be  glad  to  talk  this  over  with  you  and  tell  you  when  your 
hands  should  be  specially  clean.  The  whole  face  and  hands  and 
wrists  and  neck  and  ears  should  be  carefully  washed  and  wiped  dry 
every  morning  before  breakfast  and  at  other  times  during  the  day 
when  necessary. 

Nails. — It  is  not  at  all  easy  to  keep  the  nails  clean,  but  every  self- 
respecting  boy  and  girl  should  clean  the  nails  at  least  once  a  day. 
The  best  time  is  before  breakfast,  the  best  place  is  in  the  bedroom 
or  the  bathroom,  the  best  nail  cleaner  is  not  made  of  metal.  An 
orange-wood  stick  is  excellent;  a  toothpick  is  good.  Keep  the  nails 
trimmed,  or  better,  filed,  neatly.  If  they  are  too  long  they  are  likely 
to  collect  dirt  and  also  to  break.  Ragged,  broken  nails,  or  nails  that 
are  bitten  are  very  unsightly.  Nobody  likes  to  look  at  them.  On 
the  other  hand,  it  is  a  pleasure  to  look  at  well-shaped,  clean  nails. 
We  can  give  this  pleasure  if  we  take  the  trouble.  Let  us  look  at  our 
nails  and  imagine  whether  they  would  be  pleasing  to  others. 

Hair. — Because  boys  wear  the  hair  short  it  is  easier  for  them  than 
for  girls  to  keep  it  clean;  boys  can  wash  the  head  oftener  than  girls. 
However,  if  the  hair  is  carefully  brushed  as  well  as  combed  every 
day,  it  is  kept  free  from  tangles  and  from  much  dust  that  would 
gather  in  these  tangles;  About  once  in  two  weeks  is  sufficiently  often 
for  girls  to  wash  their  hair.  Would  it  not  be  fine  if  every  boy  and 
every  girl  in  the  United  States  took  pride  in  having  a  clean  scalp  and 
clean  hair  ? 

When  away  from  home  take  your  own  comb  and  brush  with  you. 
Do  not  uselrpttblio  brush  or  comb  for  your  hair  any  more  than  you 
would  use  a  public  towel  to  wipe  your  face  and  hands.  Be  sure,  too, 
to  wash  your  brush  and  comb  whenever  they  get  dirty.  You  can  not 
have  clean  hair  if  you  use  a  sticky,  greasy  brush  and  comb. 

Nose. — Not  only  the  outside  of  the  nose  should  be  bathed  but  also 
the  inside,  for  the  nostrils  catch  much  dust.  If  the  nose  is  not  kept 
clean  an  itching  may  be  felt,  and  this  itcjiing  causes  some  children  to 
pick  the  nose.  This  is  not  cleanly.  Never  pick  the  nose.  Strange 
to  say,  there  are  people  who  do  not  use  their  handkerchiefs.  Such 
people  are  very  unpleasant  companions.  No  one  likes  to  sit  near 
them  or  to  look  at  them,  and  yet  no  one  feels  like  saying,  "  Where  is 
your  handkerchief?  Why  don't  you  use  it?"  These  are  questions 
we  ought  to  ask  ourselves,  and  we  ought  to  answer  them  by  keeping 


12 


TRAINING  IN   COURTESY. 


a  handkerchief  in  the  pocket  and  using  it  whenever  necessary,  not 
only  for  the  sake  of  making  ourselves  comfortable  but  because  we 
respect  the  feelings  of  people  who  are  obliged  to  be  near  us  wherever 
we  go.  We  have  no  right  to  make  another  person  uncomfortable. 

Do  not  use  a  handkerchief  too  many  times.  When  it  is  soiled, 
wash  it  with  soap  and  warm  water  till  it  is  clean  again,  or  place  it  in 
the  laundry  bag  or  basket  where  it  will  be  washed,  and  get  a  clean 
one.  It  is  better  to  carry  1  clean  handkerchief  than  10  soiled 
ones,  and  far  better  to  carry  one  clean  one  than  a  clean  one  and  a 
soiled  one.  We  should  take  pride  not  only  in  having  a  handker- 
chief, but  in  having  a  clean  one.  A  piece  of  plain,  white  cloth, 


FIG.  3.— School  children  taking  lessons  in  cleaning  their  teeth. 

neatly  hemmed,  looks  better  and  shows  more  refinement  than  a 
soiled  handkerchief,  even  if  the  soiled  one  is  made  of  fine  linen  or 
silk  and  trimmed  with  lace. 

Look  in  your  pocket  for  your  handkerchief.  Is  it  there  ?  Is  it  clean 
or  is  it  not  clean  ?  Never  leave  home  without  a  clean  handkerchief. 

Teeth.— Sometimes  we  turn  our  heads  away  when  certain  people 
come  too  near  us,  because  we  dislike  the  odor  of  their  breath;  it  is 
very  unpleasant,  but  we  do  not  like  to  speak  of  it.  I  wonder  if  }TOU 
have  a  bad  breath.  This  bad  breath  often  comes  from  teeth  which 
are  not  kept  clean.  The  teeth  need  to  be  brushed  with  water  and  a 
good  toothbrush,  using  tooth  powder  or  a  tooth  liquid  or  paste,  just 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD   CONDUCT.  13 

as  regularly  as  tho  faro  is  washed,  yet  there  are  children  who  seldom 
or  never  brush  their  teeth,  but  let  a  yellowish  scum  cover  them. 
No  one  likes  to  look  at  this  scum,  but  everybody  likes  to  see  bright, 
pearly  teeth.  All  boys  and  girls  ought  to  have  self-respect  enough 
to  keep  their  teeth  clean.  Save  your  pennies  and  buy  a  good  tooth- 
brush. Everybody  should  own  his  own  toothbrush.  Never  use 
another  person's  toothbrush.  People  who  have  always  used  tooth- 
brushes and  who  know  the  thing  to  do  never  use  any  but  their  own. 
Have  you  a  toothbrush?  Do  you  keep  it  clean?  Do  you  use  it 
every  day  ? 

Spitting. — Sometimes  children,  and  grown  people  too,  from  lack 
of  thought,  or  because  they  have  never  been  properly  taught,  do 
things  that  are  not  clean  and  cause  others  annoyance  and  discomfort. 
One  of  these  is  spitting. 

People  who  are  truly  cleanly  never,  under  any  circumstances,  spit 
upon  the  floor  or  upon  the  steps  of  a  building,  in  the  street  cars,  or  on 
the  sidewalk.  If  they  find  it  necessary  to  spit  they  use  the  hand- 
kerchief. 

In  many  of  the  large  office  buildings  in  our  cities  the  cuspidor  has 
been  taken  away,  because  it  was  found  that  its  presence  encouraged 
the  uncleanly  act  of  spitting.  Remember  it  is  considered  bad  man- 
ners to  spit  at  all  in  public  except  into  the  handkerchief,  and  then  one 
should  do  so  in  such  a  way  as  to  attract  as  little  attention  as  possible. 
Do  it  quietly;  make  as  little  noise  as  possible. 

Mouth. — The  mouth  should  be  kept  clean.  Food  and  drink  must 
go  into  the  mouth.  We  all  like  to  have  our  food  clean  and  we  do 
not  like  to  drink  anything  that  is  not  clean,  yet  sometimes  between 
meals  many  dirty  things  get  into  people's  mouths.  It  is  bad 
manners  to  hold  things  in  the  mouth,  like  pennies  or  nickels,  to  chew 
the  ends  of  pencils,  to  suck  or  lick  the  fingers,  or  to  put  ink  on  the 
lips  or  the  tongue. 

There  are  many  other  reasons  why  we  ought  not  to  do  these 
things,  but  I  wonder  if  we  think  enough  about  its  being  bad  manners. 
We  do  not  have  to  have  bad  manners;  of  course  not.  If  you  were 
going  to  have  a  photograph  taken  of  yourself,  you  would  not  have 
it  taken  with  your  fingers  in  your  mouth,  or  chewing  the  end  of  a 
penholder.  You  know  you  would  not  look  well.  It  would  not  be 
polite  to  give  your  friends  such  a  picture.  What  kind  of  a  '  'picture  " 
do  you  make  when  you  soil  your  mouth  by  chewing  pencils,  or  sucking 
or  licking  your  fingers?  To  some  people  you  are  very  repulsive 
when  you  get  your  mouth  dirty;  they  do  not  like  to  look  at  you. 
All  your  friends  that  know  what  is  right  wish  you  would  not  have 
these  habits.  For  the  sake  of  these  frionds,  because  it  will  make 
them  happy,  because  it  shows  kindness  and  politeness  to  them, 
keep  your  rnouth  clean. 
34502°— 18 3 


14  TRAINING   IN    COURTESY. 

Care  of  the  clothing. — Boys  and  girls  can  not  always  have  as  many 
clean  clothes,  perhaps,  as  they  would  like;  but  if  they  would  be  careful 
they  might  keep  their  clothes  cleaner  than  some  of  them  do. 

When  eating,  care  should  be  taken  not  to  spill  food  on  the  clothing. 
Grease  or  sirup  or  sticky  candy  makes  spots.  When  spots  do  appear 
they  may  often  be  taken  out  with  soap  and  water,  and  the  place  can 
be  rubbed  softly  with  a  dry,  clean  cloth,  or  the  garment  hung  in  the 
air  to  dry.  Sometimes  a  cleansing  material  bought  at  the  store  is 
better  than  soap  and  water,  because  water  may  take  the  color  out 
of  £he  cloth.  Your  mother  or  your  teacher  will  tell  you  what  to  do 
if  you  wish  to  take  out  a  spot. 

Coats  and  hats  may  be  firmly  hung  on  hooKs  or  laid  on  shelves  when 
not  in  use  instead  of  being  thrown  at  the  hooks  or  on  the  floor,  to 
gather  dust  and  grease  and  sometimes  to  be  trodden  upon. 

After  school,  boys  and  girls,  before  beginning  to  work  or  play,  can 
often  change  their  school  clothes  for  older  ones,  and  so  have  a  school 
suit,  which  will  stay  clean  a  long  time. 

If  you  do  not  care  how  you  look,  your  friends  care.  They  like  to 
see  you  dressed  in  clothing  that  is  as  clean  as  possible.  An  old 
garment,  even  if  made  of  cheap  material,  gives  the  wearer  an  air  of 
refinement  if  it  is  clean,  but  the  most  costly  material,  if  it  is  covered 
with  spots,  can  never  make  a  person  look  anything  but  dirty. 

NEATNESS. 

It  Is  not  enough  that  we  are  clean;  we  should  also  be  neat.  If  the 
clothes  are  put  on  carelessly,  if  the  shoes  have  broken  laces  or  loose 
buttons,  if  the  hair  is  unparted  or  the  hair  ribbon  is  carelessly  tied, 
the  result  is  not  pleasing.  .  People  think  that  we  are  slovenly,  that  we 
are  lacking  in  self-respect,  that  we  do  not  show  respect  to  others. 

The  following  rules  might  well  be  put  into  practice: 

(1)  Brush  and  comb  the  hair  and  part  it  neatly  every  morning  be- 
fore breakfast.     When  it  gets  rumpled,  brush  it  again.     If  you  are  a 
girl,  tie  your  hair  carefully  with  a  smooth,  clean  ribbon. 

(2)  Brush  and  polish  the  shoes,  not  forgetting  the  heels.     See  that 
the  laces  are  firmly  tied  or  that  every  button  is  in  its  place  and  but- 
toned. 

(3)  Put  the  clothing  on  carefully.     Be  sure  that  buttons  are  sewed  on 
and  that  holes  are  mended.     You  can  mend  your  clothing  yourself, 
perhaps,  and  if  you  are  a  big  girl  you  can  mend  your  little  sister's  and 
your  brother's.     Surely  you  like  to  see  them  making  a  good  appear- 
ance quite  as  much  as  appearing  well  yourself.     A  darn  or  a  patch  is 
no  disgrace.     It  shows  the  wearer  has  self-respect  and  respect  for 
others.     If  you  can  not  mend  a  torn  garment  and  wish  to  do  so,  your 
teacher  will  show  you  how  or  will  get  some  one  else  to  show  you. 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD   CONDUCT. 


15 


(4)  If  you  are  a  boy,  tie  your  necktie  carefully.  If  you  are  a  girl, 
make  your  ribbon  bows  look  neat  and  jaunty.  Always  wear  clean 
ribbons.  Not  all  ribbons  wash  well,  but  it  is  in  better  taste  to  wear 
faded,  clean  ribbons  than  ribbons  which  show  more  color  but  are 
spotted  and  greasy.  Do  not  wear  too  many  ribbons  nor  very  large 
bows;  they  bother  other  people;  and  the  less  jewelry  the  better. 

Neatness  is  pleasing;  we  enjoy  looking  at  neat  people,  but  no  one 
can  look  neat  who  is  covered  with  bits  of  lace,  flying  ribbons,  and 
dangling  jewelry. 


FIG.  4.— Everybody  clean.    Everybody  playing.    Everybody  happy. 
CARE    OF   PUBLIC    PROPERTY. 

Those  who  have  learned  what  is  the  custom  among  well  behaved 
people,  and  who  pride  themselves  on  being  good  citizens,  are  very 
careful  when  using  public  property — even  more  careful  than  with 
their  own.  It  is  not  that  they  are  afraid  of  being  arrested  or  pun- 
ished, but  they  do  not  wish  to  be  careless  or  dirty;  they  would  be 
ashamed  to  throw  orange  peelings,  apple  cores,  scraps  of  paper,  or 
anything  else  that  would  look  untidy  or  uncleanly  in  a  public  park,  on 
the  street,  or  in  the  schoolroom  or  school  yard.  Neither  would  they 
scratch  or  whittle  furniture,  nor  make  marks  on  buildings  or  fences, 
nor  scribble  in  books  or  soil  or  tear  them.  They  think  it  would  be 
a  disgrace  to  do  things  like  these,  because  it  is  not  the  custom  of  the 
best  American  citizens,  and  they  wish  to  do  what  the  best  people  do. 


16  TRAINING  IN   COURTESY. 

We  can  not  always  have  the  use  of  the  best  houses  and  the  best 
furniture  or  the  best  books,  but  we  can  have  the  best  ways  of  taking 
care  of  them.  The  property  may  be  public  property,  that  is,  it 
may  belong  to  all  of  us.  Each  one  of  us  can  have  good  ways,  right 
ways,  of  caring  for  things  and  the  best  way  surely  is  none  too  good 
for  an  American  girl  or  an  American  boy.  Let  us  hold  up  our  heads 
and  be  proud  of  taking  the  best  care  possible  of  everything  we  use. 
Ask  your  teacher  how  you  can  help  in  taking  care  of  the  school 
yard,  the  schoolroom  floor,  the  dressing  rooms,  the  lavatories,  the 
sheds  for  horses  or  other  buildings  on  the  school  grounds,  the  furni- 
ture, the  plants,  the  books.  You  can  be  sure  of  this:  You  will  be  of 
much  help  if  you  try  not  to  harm  any  of  these. 

Books. — You  use  books  every  day  at  school.  How  do  you  use 
them?  If  treated  well,  books  will  look  well  for  a  long  time.  No 
one  likes  to  see  or  enjoys  using  soiled,  torn,  or  dog-eared  books. 

If  you  are  not  sure  how  to  handle  books  here  are  a  few  suggestions 
that  may  help  you : 

Opening  books. — In  opening  a  new  book  take  your  time;  do  not  be 
in  a  hurry.  Lay  the  book  on  the  desk ;  turn  the  upper  cover  slowly 
back  till  it  touches  the  desk;  take  a  few  leaves,  not  more  than  10, 
and  turn  them  gently  back  upon  the  upper  cover;  proceed  in  like 
manner  with  the  other  leaves  until  all  have  been  turned  back;  do  all 
gently  and  with  care.  The  loose  leaves  you  see  in  many  books  may 
not  be  loose  because  the  book  is  old;  loose  leaves  are  often  found  in 
fresh,  Dew  books,  because  they  have  been  roughly  handled  and 
hurriedly  opened. 

Turning  the  leaves. — See  that  the  hands  are  clean  and  dry  when 
using  books.  Turn  a  leaf  by  placing  the  fingers  under  the  upper 
corner  and  literally  turning  it  over;  never  by  wetting  the  fingers  in 
the  mouth  so  that  the  paper  sticks  to  the  finger.  Use  a  bookmark 
to  keep  the  place;  never  bend  down  the  corners  of  the  leaves. 

Keeping  books  clean. — Do  not  leave  a  book  where  it  can  be  easily 
soiled;  for  example,  on  the  floor,  on  the  steps  of  the  school  building, 
on  the  ground  or  grass,  or  in  the  lunch  basket  or  pail. 

Surely  nothing  destroys  the  pleasure  of  using  books  more  than 
splashes  of  ink  on  the  covers  and  on  the  white  paper.  In  filling 
inkwells  in  school  desks  we  ought  to  be  careful  not  to  fill  them  too 
full,  so  that  they  spill  and  spoil  our  books;  and  of  course  we  ought 
never  to  deface  them  with  ink  or  even  with  pencil  marks.  If  we  ever 
have  done  these  things,  let  us  decide  right  now  to  stop.  It  is  not  a 
good  way;  and,  remember,  the  best  ways  are  none  too  good,  for  us. 

Misusing  books. — Books  are  meant  to  be  read,  but  sometimes 
people  use  books  as  they  would  use  pockets,  and  fill  them  with  all 
sorts  of  odds  and  ends — letters,  pencils,  rubbers,  knives,  etc.  Blowers 
are  sometimes  pressed  in  them.  All  this  kind  of  usage  is  wrong,  for 


WHAT    CONSTI  TTTKS    COOD    CONDUCT.  17 

it  blurs  the  ]>riul  and  strains  the  binding.  It  is  not  the  way  to  treat 
books.  Manila  paper  covers  will  aid  much  in  keeping  the  covers  of 
books  clean,  but  the  inside  of  the  book  contains  the  reading  matter, 
and  surely  that,  too,  deserves  careful  treatment.  Books  are  the  good 
"friends"  of  the  school.  School  boys  and  girls  ought  to  act  in  a 
friendly  way  toward  them. 

Borrowed  books. — If  you  borrow  a  book,  fix  a  time  for  its  return, 
and  return  it  when  you  have  promised  to  do  so.  A  borrowed  book 
should  be  returned  in  as  good  condition  as  when  it  passed  from  the 
owner's  hands  to  yours.  If  a  borrowed  book  is  accidently  lost  or  is 
marred  in  any  way — soiled  or  torn  or  the  cover  bent  or  broken — 
common  sense,  good  manners,  and  right  conduct  require  that  it 
should  be  replaced  by  a  new  book.  That  is  what  a  fair-minded, 
rightly  behaved  person  does,  not  because  he  is  advised  to  do  so  or 
made  to  do  so,  but  because  it  is  right.  You  remember  how  honorable 
Lincoln  was  when  a  book  he  had  borrowed  was  accidently  spoiled. 
When  a  boy  Lincoln  was  poor,  so  he  had  no  money  to  buy  another, 
but  he  worked  for  the  man  from  whom  he  had  borrowed  it  till  it  was 
paid  for.  Lincoln  did  the  right  thing.  Lincoln's  way  was  a  good 
way,  the  best  way;  let  us  have  it  for  our  way. 

CONDUCT   AT    SCHOOL. 

The  school  life  of  every  boy  and  girl  is  as  much  a  part  of  his  life  as 
his  home  life.  Many  of  the  little  courtesies  which  make  the  home  a 
pleasant  place  to  live  in  also  make  the  school  a  pleasant  place  to  live  in. 
Why  not  remember  that  the  teachers  and  the  boys  and  girls  of  the 
schools  have  feelings  and  like  to  be  made  happy  just  as  much  as  the 
parents,  the  grandparents,  the  aunties,  the  uncles,  and  the  children  of . 
the .  homes  ? 

There  are  certain  little  forms  or  ways  of  greeting  one  another  that 
have  become  customary  among  kind-hearted  people,  which,  if  rightly 
used,  do  give  real  pleasure — not  very  much,  perhaps — but  there  may 
be  many  of  them  during  the  day,  and  when  they  are  all  added  together 
at  the  end  they  amount  to  more  than  might  be  imagined.  However, 
there  is  no  form,  no  way  of  greeting,  no  group  of  mere  words,  that  will 
take  the  place  of  the  kind  thought  which  makes  us  wish  to  give  the 
greeting,  or  of  the  tone  of  voice  and  manner  of  giving  it.  We  should 
never  learn  set  forms  of  words  and  use  them  as  we  would  use  ma- 
chines. If  we  do  this,  we  are  not  truly  polite.  Our  conduct  is  then 
not  really  right  conduct.  Remember  that  in  any  greeting  the  voice 
and  manner  are  always  more  important  than  the  words  of  the  greeting. 

Here  are  some  of  the  forms  that  may  help  you  to  make  school  life 
pleasanter  for  your  teachers,  for  your  schoolmates,  and  for  yourself: 

Manner  of  address. — Address  your  teacher  by  his  or  her  own  name, 
never  as  "Teacher." 


18 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY. 


When  you  enter  the  schoolroom  in  the  morning,  say  "Good  morn- 
ing, Mr.  Wilson/'  or  "Good  morning,  Miss  Holmes."  On  leaving  at 
night,  say  "Goodbye,  Mr.  Wilson,"  or  "Goodbye,  Miss  Holmes."  If 
you  meet  your  teacher  ha  the  afternoon  on  the  street  or  elsewhere,  do 
not  shout  or  call  to  her  at  a  distance.  Wait  until  you  approach  each 
other;  then  say  quietly,  "Good  afternoon,  Miss  Holmes."  Do  not 
say  "Hello"  in  greeting  one  older  than  yourself.  It  is  never  a 
suitable  greeting  to  give  to  girls  or  to  be  used  by  girls. 

A  plain  "Yes"  or  "No"  to  one  older  than  yourself  is  discourteous. 
It  sounds  harsh  and  rude.  Soften  it  by  adding  some  little  word  or 
phrase— as  "Yes,  sir,"  "No,  mother,"  "Yes,  I  think  so,"  "No, 
madam,"  "Yes,  father,"  "No,  I  am  sure  you  are  mistaken,"  "Yes, 
I'll  be  glad  to  help  you,"  or  the  name  of  the  person  to  whom  you  are 
speaking,  as  "Yes,  Mr.  Wilson." 


FIG.  5.— If  these  children  are  kind  and  polite,  everybody  will  have  a  turn. 

It  is  not  the  best  usage  to  say,  "Yes,  Miss,"  "Yes,  Mrs."  "Yes, 
lady,"  or  "No,  Mr."  Always  follow  Miss,  Mrs.,  or  Mr.  by  the  name 
of  the  person  if  you  know  it.  If  you  do  not  know  it,  say  "Yes, 
madam,"  (not  "Yes,  lady");  or  "No,  sir." 

In  some  homes  children  are  taught  to  say  "  Yes,  ma'am"  and  "No, 
ma'am/'  to  ladies.  This  form  is  not  wrong,  but  it  is  not  used  so  much 
as  it  was  years  ago.  A  boy  who  once  said  "  Yes,  ma'am,"  to  his  mother 
is  very  likely  now  to  say  "Yes,  mother."  It  is  the  form  which  is 
to-day  most  commonly  used. 

Interruptions. — Do  not  interrupt  one  who  is  speaking,  whether 
conversing  or  reciting,  either  by  speaking  or  by  raising  the  hand, 
and  never,  under  any  circumstances,  snap  the  fingers  to  attract 
attention.  If  you  do  this  you  seem  to  say  "What  you  are  saying  is 
of  no  importance.  7  know  more  than  you  do.  Just  listen  to  me." 
Would  this  be  polite? 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES   GOOD  CONDUCT.  19 

Service. — Be  helpful  in  cleaning  blackboards,  in  opening  or  closing 
doors  and  windows,  in  lifting  benches,  chairs,  or  other  objects  when 
necessary,  in  picking  up  things  accidentally  dropped,  in  passing  ma- 
terials. Do  not  wait  always  to  be  asked,  but  be  quick  to  see  when 
you  can  be  of  service  and  "lend  a  hand." 

Be  as  quiet  as  possible  when  you  are  helping.  In  shifting  chairs 
or  benches  be  sure  to  keep  them,  free  from  the  floors.  Dragging 
them  makes  an  unpleasant  sound  and  is  bad  both  for  the  floor  and 
for  the  furniture.  In  cleaning  blackboards  raise  as  little  dust  as 
possible.  Be  sure  the  eraser  is  clean  and  that  the  dust  is  not  blown 
into  anyone's  face. 

Sympathy. — It  is  unkind  to  laugh  at  the  mistakes  of  others.  You 
yourself  make  mistakes  sometimes,  don't  you?  Do  you  like  to  be 
laughed  at  when  you  misspell  a  word  or  give  a  wrong  answer  or  re- 
ceive a  low  grading  or  slip  or  stumble  ?  No ;  of  course  not.  It  is  a 
very  good  plan  when  your  friend  or  schoolmate  makes  a  mistake  of 
any  kind  to  "put  yourself  in  his  place,"  and  try  to  think  how  you 
would  feel  if  you  had  made  the  same  mistake.  If  you  imagine  how 
he  feels,  you  will  not  be  likely  to  laugh.  You  do  not  intend  to  be 
unkind  or  heartless,  but  you  are  careless  and  you  hurt  the  feelings 
of  your  schoolmate.  There  is  an  old  saying  which  tells  us  that  some- 
times as  much  harm  is  wrought  by  want  of  thought  as  by  want  of 
heart.  If  you  can  give  the  one  who  has  made  the  blunder  a  word  or 
look  of  encouragement,  do  so.  Let  him  know  that  you  understand 
how  he  feels  and  that  you  will  help  him  out  of  his  trouble  as  well  as 
you  can;  or  sometimes  do  not  look  at  him  at  all,  but  help  to  have  the 
mistake  passed  by  and  forgotten  as  soon  as  possible.  If  you  are 
trying  to  put  yourself  in  his  place,  you  will  be  almost  sure  to  know 
the  best  thing  to  do. 

Be  kind  to  the  unfortunate.  Do  not  tease  a  foolish,  half-witted 
boy  or  girl,  nor  laugh  at  a  deformed  schoolfellow.  If  you  are  sound 
in  mind  and  body,  be  thankful  and  show  your  thankfulness  by  treat- 
ing the  afflicted  kindly.  If  one  of  the  pupils  in  your  school  is  a 
hunchback  or  a  cripple,  be  careful  not  to  mention  his  deformity. 
Try  to  have  him  enter  into  your  sports  as  much  as  possible  and 
make  him  forget  that  he  is  a  cripple. 

New  pupils. — If  a  new  pupil  comes  to  school,  do  not  stand  and 
stare  at  him  or  whisper  to  one  another  about  his  clothes  or  his 
appearance.  Welcome  him  to  your  school  as  you  would  a  friend  to 
your  home.  If  he  is  not  introduced  to  you,  say  "  Will  you  tell  me 
your  name,  please  ? "  Then  introduce  him  to  the  other  boys  and  girls 
and  have  him  join  you  in  play.  Sometimes  a  boy  or  girl  is  very  lone- 
some and  home-sick  the  first  day  in  a  new  school.  Try  to  make 
this  first  day  a  pleasant  one  instead  of  an  unhappy,  dreary  one. 


20  TRAINING  IN   COURTESY. 

Rich  and  poor. — If  your  father  has  a  little  more  money  than  the 
fathers  of  some  of  the  children,  do  not  boast  of  it.  You  are  no 
better  than  your  schoolmates  because  you  may  wear  better  clothes 
or  have  better  toys  and  books.  Many  of  our  greatest  and  noblest 
men  and  women  were  poor  boys  and  girls. 

On  the  other  hand,  if  you  have  not  much  money  nor  many  fine 
clothes,  do  not  feel  humble  or  ashamed.  Work  and  play  happily. 
Use  your  schoolbooks  and  other  school  materials  with  the  same 
freedom  that  the  other  children  do.  Remember  you  are  attending 
a  public  school  in  America.  No  boys  or  girls  whose  friendship  you 
really  wish  are  thinking  about  your  clothes.  They  are  thinking 
about  you,  and  if  you  study  your  lessons,  are  a  good  playfellow,  are 

kind-hearted,  and  have  good  manners  you  are 
sure  to  be  respected  by  old  and  young  and  to 
make  good  friends. 

When  schoolmates  are  ill. — If  a  schoolmate 
is  absent  from  school  because  of  illness  not 
caused  by  a  contagious  disease,  ask  your 
teacher  if  the  class  may  be  permitted  to  write 
letters  to  the  absent  one,  saying  that  you  will 
be  "  postman"  and  see  that  they  are  delivered. 
Sometimes,  however,  the  letters  may  be  sent 
by  mail.  Tell  the  schoolmate  all  the  school 
news,  especially  anything  that  is  funny.  It 
is  a  good  thing  to  make  a  well  person  laugh 

FIG.  6.-This  noble  man  was  once     &t  the  right  ^^   and  lauglung  js  especially 

good  for  one  who  is  ill.  Say,  too,  that  you 

hope  your  friend  will  soon  be  well  and  that  you  miss  him.  Flowers, 
when  they  can  be  obtained,  are  very  welcome  gifts  for  sick  folks. 

If  you  were  ill  you  would  be  glad  to  hear  from  your  school  friends, 
wouldn't  you?  Other  boys  and  girls  are  a  good  deal  like  you; 
they  have  the  same  feelings.  Remembering  those  who  are  "shut 
in"  on  account  of  sickness  in  ways  like  these  is  a  custom  among 
thoughtful,  kind-hearted,  well-behaved  people,  and  a  very  good 
custom  it  is.  Since  we  have  to  live  in  a  world  of  people,  it  is  a 
good  idea  to  follow  the  best  customs. 

Is  any  schoolmate  of  yours  ill  ?  What  can  you  do  for  him  ?  Ask 
your  teacher. 

WHAT   TO    DO. 

(1)  Come  to  school  on  time,  wearing  as  clean  clothing  as  possible, 
with  face  and  hands  and  neck  and  ears  washed,  teeth  brushed,  nails 
cleaned,  shoes  polished,  ancfhair  neatly  brushed  and  combed.     If  you 
come  barefooted,  see  that  your  feet  are  as  clean  as  possible. 

(2)  Be  cheerful.     Say   "Good   morning"   and  "Good  night"   to 
your  teacher  and  to  your  schoolmates. 


WHAT   CONST  IT  1'TKS  GOOD   CONDUCT.  21 

(3)  Treat    the.  school   buildings    and    the   school   furniture   with 
inspect.     They  are  for  use,   but  not  for  abuse.     Talk   and   nmvo 
quietly  in  the  schoolhouse  whether  school  is  in  session  or  not.     II 
you  am  a  hoy,  take  off  your  hat  when  you  enter  the  door  of  the  school 
building. 

(4)  Use  all  books  carefully,  keeping  them  as  clean  and  in  as  good 
condition  as  possible 

(5)  Treat  the  school  grounds  with  respect.     Throw  all  pieces  of 
paper,  scraps  of  food,  etc.,  into  the  garbage  can.1     Help  sometimes 
to  put  the  school  yard  in  specially  good  order.     Take  pride  in  the 
way  it  looks. 

(6)  Be  kind  to  the  younger  and  weaker  boys  and  girls,  to  those 
who  are  crippled,  to  strangers  and  foreigners  and  to  all  others  who 
need  your  help. 

(7)  If  you  are  a  boy,  be  respectful  to  ladies  and  to  girls.     Raise 
your  hat  when  you  greet  them.     Stand  aside  to  let  them  pass  out  of  a 
doorway  first.     Carry  heavy  bundles  for  them. 

(8)  If  you  are  a  girl,  receive  the  attention  of  boys  courteously. 
Always  say  " Thank  you"  distinctly,  so  they  can  hear  you,  whenever 
boys  have  done  favors  for  you,   such  as  opening  doors,   carrying 
parcels,  or  handing  you  something  you  have  dropped. 

(9)  Stand  and  walk  with  head  erect  and  shoulders  thrown  back. 

(10)  Lift  your  feet  in  walking;  have  a  spring  in  your  step. 

(11)  Look  people  straight  in  the  eyes. 

(12)  Always  say  " Excuse  me"  or  " Pardon  me"  when  you  can 
not  avoid  passing  in  front  of  a  person. 

(13)  Repeat  to  your  friends  the  pleasant  things  you  hear  said  of 
them  and  try  to  forget  the  unpleasant  ones. 

(14)  Remember  to  offer  your  services  from  time  to  time.     Do  not 
wait  till  your  teacher  asks  a  favor  of  you,  but  before  she  makes  the 
request  ask  her  if  you  can  be  of  help. 

(15)  Be  thoughtful  of  schoolmates  who  are  ill  and  out  of  school. 
Write  to  them.     If  possible  send  them  flowers  or  other  little  gifts. 
Perhaps,  unless  ill  with  a  contagious  disease,  you  can  visit  them 
sometimes;  at  least  ask  how  they  are. 

WHAT   NOT   TO   DO. 

(1)  Do  not  pout  when  asked  to  do  something  which  seems  un- 
pleasant. 

(2)  Do  not  tease  those  who  are  deformed  or  crippled  or  any  who 
are  weaker  than  yourself. 

(3)  Do  not  laugh  at  the  mistakes  or  failures  of  others. 

1  Note  to  the  trustees.— School  yards  should  be  provided  with  receptacles  for  trash.  At  least  one  galva- 
nized-iron  garbage  can  with  a  top  should  be  the  property  of  every  school.  Children  often  scatter  refuse 
because  they  have  no  suitable  place  to  put  it. 


22  TRAINING   IX   COURTESY. 

(4)  Do  not  boast  when  you  win  in  a  contest. 

(5)  Do  not  whine  when  you  are  beaten  in  a  contest. 

(6)  Do  not  crowd  and  push  through  doorways. 

(7)  Do  not  look  over  another's  shoulder  to  see  what  he  is  reading 
or  writing. 

(8)  Do  not  interrupt  a  person  speaking. 

(9)  Do  not  flatly  contradict  anyone. 

(10)  Do  not  listen  at  doors  or  windows  to  conversations  which  you 
are  not  expected  to  overhear. 

(11)  Do  not  rudely  stare  at  strangers  nor  Question  them  curiously 
about  their  private  affairs. 

(12)  Do  not  talk  nor  laugh  noisily  nor  play  roughly  in  the  school 
building. 

(13)  Do  not  spit  on  the  floor  or  on  any  part  of  the  school  building 
or  buildings. 

(14)  Do  not  forget  to  have  a  clean  handkerchief  nor  to  use  it  when 
necessary. 

(15)  Do  not  handle  books  carelessly  or  with  dirty  hands. 

(16)  Do  not  forget  to  say  "Good  morning"  and  "Good  night"  to 
your  teacher,  nor  to  say  it  pleasantly  and  heartily.     If  you  are  a  boy, 
and  are  outside  the  building  wearing  your  hat,  do  not  forget  to  lift  it 
when  you  greet  your  teacher. 

(17)  Do  not  be  late  to  school  nor  absent  from  school  unless  it  is 
necessary.     When  you  come  late  or  are  absent  you  give  other  people 
trouble,  and  giving  other  people  trouble  when  it  is  not  necessary  to  do 
so  is  bad  manners. 

(18)  Do  not  be  in  a  hurry  to  tell  tales  about  the  misdoings  of  other 
people,  but  be  in  a  great  hurry  to  tell  when  you  yourself  have  made  a 
mistake  or  have  done  something  wrong.    You  are  probably  sorry.    Do 
not  be  afraid  or  ashamed  to  say  so. 

CONDUCT    AT    HOME. 

Father  and  mother  are  your  best  friends.  They  love  you  and  care 
for  you.  You  love  them,  but  that  is  not  enough;  you  should  be  just 
as  careful  to  be  polite  to  them  as  to  be  polite  to  strangers.  You 
should  delight  in  serving  and  helping  them.  You  should  be  polite, 
too,  to  your  brothers  and  sisters. 

"True  politeness  consists  in  making  everyone  about  us  happy." 

Say  "Good  morning"  to  the  other  members  of  your  family  every 
morning,  and  on  going  to  bed  say  "Good  night." 

On  leaving  to  go  to  school  say  "Good-by"  to  your  father  and 
mother.  When  school  is  dismissed  go  home  at  once  unless  you  re- 
main at  the  request  of  the  teacher;  and  on  reaching  home  let  your 
parents  know  that  you  have  returned. 

Say  "Please"  or  "If  you  please"  when  you  ask  for  something; 
"Please  pass  the  bread,  Mary;"  "Father,  I  should  like  some  more 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD   CONDUCT.  23 

meat,  if  you  please;"  "Will  you  please  lend  me  your  knife,  John?" 
Answer,  "Certainly." 

Do  not  pass  rudely  in  front  of  people.  If  necessary  to  pass  in  front, 
say  "Excuse  me,  please,"  or,  "Please  excuse  me,"  or,  "Pardon  me." 

Never  quarrel  nor  wrangle  with  the  other  members  of  your  family. 

Speak  kindly  to  those  who  serve  you  and  always  say,  "  Thank  you," 
when  they  do  you  a  service. 

Be  polite  to  a  caller  or  guest  at  your  home,  and  always  offer  him  a 
seat  when  he  enters  the  house. 

When  older  people  are  talking  you  should  never  interrupt.  Above 
all  things  never  contradict  the  statements  of  your  elders.  If  you  think 
they  are  mistaken,  wait  until  you  can  speak  to  them  quietly  and  alone. 

If  you  want  to  help  make  your  home  a  happy  place,  always  try  to 
be  cheerful.  Do  not  grumble  even  when  you  do  not  feel  well. 

You  should  help  different  members  of  your  family  in  every  way 
possible.  How  can  you  help  your  mother?  Your  father?  Your 
little  sisters  or  brothers  ?  Your  big  sisters  or  brothers  ?  Your  grand- 
mother or  grandfather,  or  others  in  the  household  ? 

COMMON    COURTESIES. 

Well-trained  young  people  show  due  courtesy  to  ladies  and  to 
elders,  on  all  occasions. 

When  an  elderly  person  or  a  lady  enters  a  room  in  which  a  young 
person  is  occupying  the  easiest  chair,  the  younger  should  give  the 
chair  to  the  elder.  Simply  offering  it  is  not  enough. 

In  cars  and  in  public  places,  neither  elderly  persons  nor  ladies  should 
be  allowed  to  stand.  Young  people  ought  to  give  up  their  seats, 
promptly  and  cheerfully,  with  some  such  pleasant  speech  as :  "  Have 
this  seat,  please,"  or  "Please  be  seated,"  or  "Let  me  stand,  please." 

In  school  and  in  crowded  places,  such  as  the  theater  or  the  church, 
"Room  for  the  ladies,"  is  a  good  motto  for  boys  to  observe. 

In  passing  through  a  doorway,  boys  and  girls  should  always  wait 
until  ladies  and  all  other  elder  persons  have  passed  through.  If  it 
is  necessary  to  hold  the  door  ope'h,  one  of  them  should  perform  this 
duty  as  a  matter  of  course  and  not  wait  to  be  asked  to  do  so.  When 
older  people  do  not  forget  their  manners  they  notice  such  little  acts 
of  courtesy  by  a  bow  or  a  pleasant  smile  or  a  quiet  "Thank  you." 
But  whether  they  do  or  not,  boys  and  girls  should  be  polite.. 

When  in  a  crowd  looking  at  a  procession,  a  circus  parade  or  any- 
thing of  this  kind,  if  you  are  rather  tall,  do  not  crowd  ahead  of 
smaller  children,  and  if  you  are  big  and  strong  lift  a  little  one  in 
your  arms  sometimes,  so  he  can  see  better.  Remember  how  you 
used  to  feel  when  you  were  small  and  larger  people  crowded  in  front 
of  you  and  shut  off  your  view.  Have  respect  for  the  little  ones  as 
well  as  for  those  who  are  grown  up. 


24 


TRAINING  IN   COURTESY. 


Sometimes  people  who  come  from  other  countries  do  not  wear 
the  same  kind  of  clothes  that  we  do.  They  look  queer  to  us.  Some- 
times before  they  learn  English  well  these  foreigners  pronounce 
words  in  a  way  that  sounds  funny  to  us,  but  we  ought  never  to  laugh. 
If  we  should  go  to  a  foreign  country  our  clothes  might  look  queer  to 
the  people  who  live  there,  and  we  certainly  would  make  many  blun- 
ders in  learning  their  language.  We  should  not  like  to  be  laughed 
at.  Therefore,  the  right  sort  of  people  do  not  laugh  at  foreigners; 
they  help  them  all  they  can  and  show  them  the  respect  that  every 
boy  and  girl  ought  to  show  to  every  other  boy  and  girl,  no  matter 
where  they  were  born. 


FIG.  7.— The  right  way  to  hold  the  knife  and  fork. 
MANNERS    AT   THE    TABLE. 

We  sometimes  feel  awkward  and  do  not  know  how  to  behave  at 
the  table  when  we  eat  at  the  hom6  of  a  friend  or  a  stranger,  or  at  a 
party.  This  may  be  because  we  have  not  practiced  good  table 
manners  daily  at  home.  Good  table  manners  make  our  homes 
happier  and  are  well  worth  while  for  that  reason  alone.  No  manners 
are  too  fine  to  use  every  day  in  home  and  school.  The  best  are  none 
too  good  for  us.  Emerson  said,  "  Eat  at  your  own  table  as  you  would 
eat  at  the  table  of  a  king." 

When  called  to  a  meal,  go  at  once.  Tardiness  at  table  shows 
carelessness  and  a  lack  of  consideration  for  the  hostess.  When  at 
home  your  mother  is  your  hostess  or  lady  of  the  house.  Take  your 
seat  when  the  lady  of  the  house  takes  hers,  and  rise  when  she  gives 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES   GOOD  CONDUCT. 


25 


the  signal.  If  it  is  necessary  to  leave  the  table  before  the  meal  is 
over,  say  "May  I  be  excused,  please?"  or,  "Please  excuse  me." 

Sit  erect,  not  too  close  to,  nor  too  far  from  the  table. 

You  may  place  the  napkin  in  your  lap  when  you  first  sit  down. 

Keep  your  hands  quietly  in  your  lap  until  served.  Do  not  handle 
your  knife  and  spoon,  or  drum  on  the  table,  or  fidget. 

Show  no  impatience  to  be  served.  Never  be  in  a  hurry.  There 
should  be  no  reaching  after  things  on  the  table.  If  servants  are  not 
near,  politely  ask  some  one  to  pass  the  dish;  as,  "Will  you  be  kind 
enough  to  pass  the  salt?"  or  simply,  "Please  pass  the  dessert." 
When  anything  is  offered  say  "Thank  you,"  when  declined  say  "No, 
I  thank  you,"  or  "Not  any,  thank  you."  If  any  dishes  containing 
food  nro  near  you,  do  not  help  yourself  and  then  put  them  down, 


FIG.  8.— The  wrong  way  to  hold  the  knife  and  fork. 

but  before  serving  yourself  pass  the  dish  to  the  one  sitting  next  you, 
saying,  "Will  you  have  some  jelly?  "  or,  "Shall  I  pass  you  the  nuts? " 
Think  constantly  of  others  at  the  table  rather  than  of  yourself  and 
try  to  see  that  they  are  well  served. 

Do  not  be  selfish.  It  is  very  ill-mannered,  when  there  is  any  choice 
of  food,  to  pick  over  everything  on  the  plate  to  get  the  largest  or 
choicest  for  yourself. 

The  elbows  should  be  kept  near  the  sides.  Do  not  spread  them  in 
cutting  meat  or  other  food. 

Every  movement  at  the  table  should  be  made  as  quietly  as  possible. 
Moving  the  feet,  leaning  upon  the  table,  or  clattering  knives,  forks, 
and  dishes  shows  ignorance  of  table  manners. 

Eat  slowly.  Do  not  fill  the  mouth  too  full,  ("hew  your  food  well, 
and  chew  it  with  the  mouth  shut.  Do  not  smack  the  lips  in  eating 


26  TRAINING   IN    COURTESY. 

sweets  or  other  foods.  When  eating  soup,  take  it  from  the  side  of 
the  spoon,  quietly.  Do  not  draw  in  the  breath  and  make  a  hissing 
sound  when  doing  so.  It  sounds  unpleasant. 

Use  a  knife,  fork,  or  spoon.  There  are  two  good  reasons  for  not 
eating  with  the  fingers — first,  it  does  not  look  well;  second,  it  is  not 
cleanly.  The  knife  is  used  for  cutting  food  and  for  buttering  bread; 
it  should  never  be  put  into  the  mouth.  The  fork  is  used  for  carrying 
food  to  the  mouth;  it  should  not  be  overloaded.  The  spoon  is  used 
for  stirring  tea  or  coffee  and  in  eating  cereals  and  certain  desserts. 
Never  leave  the  spoon  in  the  cup.  When  the  sugar  has  been  dissolved, 
place  the  spoon  beside  the  cup  in  the  saucer. 

WHAT    NOT   TO    DO    AT   THE    TABLE. 

(1)  Do  not  come  to  meals  with  dirty  hands  or  face  or  uncombed 
hair. 

(2)  Do  not  eat  hurriedly. 

(3)  Do  not  draw  in  the  breath  when  eating  nor  make  a  noise  when 
drinking  from  a  cup  or  from  a  soup  plate. 

(4)  Do  not  fill  the  mouth  too  full.     You  can  not  talk  with  the 
mouth  full  of  food,  and  the  table  is  a  place  for  pleasant  conversation 
as  well  as  for  eating. 

(5)  Do  not  smack  the  lips  nor  make  a  noise  in  chewing. 

(6)  Do  not  open  the  mouth  in  chewing. 

(7)  Do  not  wipe  the  mouth  on  the  edge  of  the  tablecloth  or  on  the 
corner  of  the  napkin  left  folded  on  the  table. 

(8)  Do  not  leave  the  table  with  food  in  the  mouth. 

(9)  Do  not  rinse  the  mouth  at  the  table. 

(10)  Do  not  pick  the  teeth  nor  put  the  fingers  into  the  mouth  at 
the  table,  nor  lick  the  knife  or  fork  or  the  fingers. 

(11)  Do  not  pour  gravy  over  potatoes  and  then  mix  the  gravy  and 
potatoes  together  with  the  knife. 

(12)  Do  not  bend  over  the  table;  sit  erect. 

(13)  Do  not  make  gestures  with  the  knife,  fork,  or  spoon. 

(14)  Do  not  hold  the  knife  and  fork  awkwardly.     Do  not  clutch 
the  handles  strongly.     In  cutting  meat  or  other  food,  the  tines  of  the 
fork  should  point  down. 

(15)  Do  not  reach  too  far  for  a  dish;  ask  politely  to  have  it  passed 
to  you,  or  pass  your  plate  and  ask  to  be  served. 

(16)  In  passing  your  plate  for  a  second  portion  do  not  hold  the 
knife  and  fork  outside  the  plate  at  the  sides,  but  lay  them  down  in 
the  plate  at  one  side,  near  the  edge. 

(17)  Do  not  serve  yourself  with  butter  with  your  own  knife;  use 
the  butter  knife.     Do  not  put  your  own  knife,  fork,  or  spoon  into 
any  dish  that  is  for  the  use  of  all  persons  at  the  table. 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES   GOOD   CONDUCT. 


27 


(18)  Do  not  butter  a  whole  slice  of  bread  at  once;  break  off  a  small 
piece  to  butter. 

(19)  Do  not  speak  of  disgusting  or  disagreeable  things  at  the  table. 
If,  on  the  other  hand,  you  know  a  good  joke,  the  table  is  one  of  the 
best  possible  places  to  tell  it. 

(20)  Do  not  cough  nor  sneeze  without  turning  your  head  and 
placing  your  napkin  to  your  mouth  and  nose. 


FIG.  9. — A  beautiful  picnic  ground. 
HOW    TO    BEHAVE    IN    CAMP   OR   AT   A    PICNIC. 

Many  people  who  show  fairly  good  manners  at  home  or  in  the 
homes  of  their  friends  behave  very  strangely  at  out-of-door  picnics. 
They  are  sometimes  thoughtless,  rude,  and  even  lawless. 

If  the  picnic  is  in  the  woods,  where  grass  and  ferns  and  wild  flowers 
are  growing,  do  not  tread  carelessly  on  the  grass  nor  tear  up  the  ferns 
and  flowers  by  the  roots.  Other  people  will  some  day  wish  to  have  a 
picnic  in  the  very  same  place;  perhaps  to-morrow.  Is  it  right  to 
take  from  them  the  opportunity  for  enjoyment  which  you  are  having  ? 
You  think  the  tufts  of  grass,  feathery  ferns,  and  brightly  colored 
flowers  are  pretty.  So  do  they.  Leave  as  many  as  possible  for  their 
pleasure. 


28 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY. 


If  it  is  found  necessary  to  build  a  fire,  it  should  be  done  under  the 
direction  of  an  older  person  or  by  a  Boy  Scout  or  Camp  Fire  Girl 
who  has  learned  the  forestry  laws.  Care  should  be  taken  to  build 
it  on  bare  ground  or  sand  and  not  near  grass,  ferns,  dry  leaves,  or 
twigs.  Be  sure  to  comply  with  the  forestry  laws  of  the  Federal 
Government  and  of  the  State  regarding  the  building  of  fires.  Do 
not  break  branches  of  strong,  fine  trees  and  shrubs  for  your  fire  logs. 
Try  to  find  some  pieces  of  dry,  dead  wood,  even  if  you  have  to  go 
some  distance  for  them.  Here  also  obey  the  laws. 

At  the  "  table"  use  the  very  same  manners  you  use  at  home.  To 
be  sure,  you  may  have  to  eat  sandwiches  without  the  use  of  knives 
and  forks,  but  see  to  it  that  your  hands  are  especially  clean.  Do  not 
be  rough  and  boisterous  and  selfish,  simply  because  you  are  out  of 


FIG.  10. — A  forest  fire.    This  fire  may  have  been  started  by  people  who  did  not  know  how  to  behave  at  a 
picnic;  they  may  have  left  some  sparks  in  the  picnic  fire  when  they  "broke  camp. " 

doors.  This  does  not  mean  that  you  should  not  be  happy  and  jolly. 
Picnics  ought  to  bring  out  all  the  fun  there  is  in  you.  Have  a  good 
time,  but  a  good  time  does  not  mean  a  rude  time.  Try  to  see  that 
others  are  well  served,  especially  mothers  and  fathers  and  grand- 
mothers and  grandfathers,  and  other  older  people;  and  do  not  forget 
the  little  ones  and  those  who  are  not  strong  and  well. 

Help  in  setting  the  " table"  and  in  clearing  it  away.  When  the 
luncheon  is  over,  carefully  gather  all  the  pieces  of  paper,  paper  boxes, 
bags,  bottles,  tin  cans,  andscraps  of  food.  If  thereis  no  receptacle  pro- 
vided for  them,  take  them  home  with  you  and  destroy  them.  Tin  cans, 
broken  bottles,  egg  shells,  orange  and  banana  peels,  and  wind-blown 
papers  have  ruined  many  a  beautiful  picnic  ground.  Do  not  throw 
refuse  into  a  running  stream;  it  may  pollute  the  water.  In  many 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD  CONDUCT.  29 

States  placards  are  placed  in  the  mountain  regions  to  remind  people 
of  the  right  thing  to  do.     One  placard  reads  as  follows: 

Leave  your  camp  as  you  would  like  to  find  it. 

Burn  or  bury  all  refuse. 

Keep  the  pleasure  grounds  of  America  clean. 

Leave  the  picnic  or  camping  grounds,  then,  in  as  good  order  as  you 
can,  and,  most  important  of  all,  be  sure  your  fire  is  out,  so  that  not  a 
single  spark  can  be  blown  into  a  little  cluster  of  dry  leaves  to  start  a 
forest  fire  which  will  destroy,  perhaps,  many  forest  homes  and  thou- 


FIG.  11. — A  once  beautiful  and  valuable  forest  now  in  ruins.    This  forest  may  have  been  destroyed  by  a 

picnic  fire. 

sands  of  dollars  worth  of  fine  timber.  The  boy  or  girl  who  lives  in  the 
forest  well  understands  how  necessary  it  is  to  extinguish  a  fire.  Some 
of  them  have  fought  forest  fires  and  some  have  lost  their  homes  by  the 
carelessness  of  other  people.  All  American  boys  and  girls  should 
learn  how  to  " break  camp"  and  should  take  pride  in  doing  it  as  well 
as  any  forester. 

GENERAL  RULES  OF  CONDUCT.  , 

Consideration  for  others  is  the  basis  of  all  true  courtesy.  All  well-- 
mannered persons  show  consideration  for  others.  Consideration 
means  careful  thought ;  that  is,  you  must  have  the  will  to  do  for  others 
the  things  that  you  would  have  others  do  for  you ;  the  will  to  say  to 


30 


TRAINING  IN  COURTESY. 


others  the  pleasant  and  courteous  things  that  you  would  like  to  have 
others  say  to  you.  Forget  yourself.  Think  of  others  at  home,  at 
school,  and  in  public. 

Behavior  in  a  sick  room. — Always  be  very  clean  and  neat  when  you 
go  to  see  a  sick  person.     When  you  go  into  the  room,  walk  to  the  bed, 


FIG.  12. — Taking  a  present  to  a  sick  schoolmate. 

but  do  not  jar  it,  for  that  might  give  your  friend  pain,  and  do  not  sit 
on  the  bed ;  it  may  not  be  comfortable  for  the  one  in  bed  to  have  you 
sit  there,  and  your  clothing  may  soil  or  rumple  the  clean,  white 
bedspread. 

Talk  in  a  low  tone  of  voice,  but  do  not  whisper,  and  walk  quietly; 
not  on  tiptoe,  but  quietly.     Do  not  look  sad  or  mournful;  look  as 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES  GOOD  CONDUCT.  31 

cheerful  as  you  can  and  tell  your  friend  you  hope  soon  to  see  him  weH 
and  to  be  playing  with  him  again. 

Bring  with  you,  if  you  can,  some  little  gift;  a  few  fresh,  dainty 
flowers  (not  flowers  with  a  strong  odor),  or  a  glass  of  mother's  good 
jelly  or  the  latest  magazine  or  a  book  with  interesting  pictures. 

Have  ready  some  funny  little  story  to  relate,  or  tell  a  good  joke. 
Never  tell  a  sick  person  anything  sad  or  that  which  would  trouble  or 
worry  him. 

Do  not  stay  long.  It  is  better  before  you  enter  the  room  to  ask  the 
nurse  or  the  one  who  is  taking  care  of  the  patient  how  long  you  ought 
to  stay.  Sometimes  only  a  few  minutes  is  long  enough.  If  some  one 
else  comes  to  see  your  friend  while  you  are  there,  you'd  better  not  stay 
any  longer,  but  tell  your  friend  "Good-by"  and  ask  if  there  is  a  mes- 
sage he  would  like  to  send  or  an  errand  you  could  do  and  say  that  you 
will  come  again  before  long. 

Do  not  kiss  a  sick  person;  shake  hands,  or  sometimes  just  bow 
pleasantly  or  wave  your  hand. 

Remember  to  go  again  but  not  too  often.  Too  many  visits  to  peo- 
ple who  are  ill  are  worse  than  none.  You  can  make  inquiry  though, 
and  you  can  write  little  notes  telling  your  friend  news  that  will  inter- 
est him. 

Behavior  on  the  street  and  sidewalk. — Do  not  block  doorways,  hall- 
ways, stairways,  or  sidewalks.  Remember  this  is  a  rudeness  that 
arises  very  often  from  thoughtlessness;  others  have  a  right  to  pass 
that  way.  How  do  you  feel  when  somebody  blocks  the  sidewalk  so 
that  you  have  to  step  out  into  the  street  in  order  to  pass  ?  You  think 
that  "somebody"  rude,  don't  you?  Make  up  your  mind  never  to  be 
guilty  of  such  rudeness  yourself. 

Give  a  good  rule  for  passing  when  two  groups  of  people  meet  on  the 
sidewalk.  If  you  can  not,  ask  your  teacher  for  such  a  rule. 

If  it  is  necessary  to  stand  in  line  in  order  to  purchase  a  ticket,  or 
receive  mail  or  for  any  other  purpose,  never  try  to  push  ahead  of 
others,  but  quietly  take  the  place  in  line  that  is  rightfully  yours. 

If  it  is  necessary  to  carry  an  umbrella,  be  careful  not  to  strike  the 
eyes,  faces,  or  hats  of  passers-by. 

When  walking,  throw  back  the  shoulders,  throw  out  the  chest,  and 
lift  the  feet.  Scraping  the  feet  along  the  ground  is  boorish.  Walk 
straight  ahead ;  do  not  zigzag  from  one  side  of  the  road  to  the  other. 
If  you  are  walking  side  by  side  with  a  companion,  keep  step  with  him 
unless  you  find  it  awkward  to  do  so. 

Do  not  play  running  games  on  the  sidewalk ;  if  you  do,  you  hinder 
the  passage  of  those  who  are  using  it. 

Behavior  in  public  places. — Avoid  loud  and  boisterous  conduct  and 
conversation  in  public  places.  Only  a  very  rude  person  speaks  in  a 
tone  of  voice  louder  than  necesssary.  "The  loud  laugh  bespeaks  the 


32 


TRAINING    IN    COURTESY. 


vacant  mind."  However,  cheering  and  applauding  at  entertainments, 
and  rooting  at  athletic  gatherings  are  very  proper  ways  of  showing 
your  enthusiasm  and  appreciation.  In  applauding,  clap  your  hands, 
but  not  too  loudly.  Never  whistle,  nor  stamp  your  feet. 

Eating  in  public,  except  in  places  especially  set  aside  for  serving 
meals,  is  not  behaving  in  the  best  way  possible.  Do  not  eat  peanuts, 
candy,  fruits,  etc.,  nor  chew  gum,  on  the  street,  at  the  theater  or  other 
entertainment,  in  church,  on  the  cars,  in  school,  or  in  other  public 
places. 

Street  conduct  for  girls.— Walk  in  an  easy,  modest  manner. 

Giggling  and  loud  talking  are  inexcusable  at  all  times. 


FIG.  13.— How  not  to  walk  on  the  sidewalk. 

Do  not  call  to  friends  across  the  street.     Never  stop  to  chat  on  the 

street. 

In  bowing  in  the  street,  merely  incline  the  head,  not  the  body,  and 

smile  pleasantly. 

In  passing  people  on  the  walk,  turn  to  the  right.  Do  not  join  forces 
with  three  or  four  others  and  take  up  the  entire  pathway.  Do  not 
stand  in  groups  in  front  of  shop  windows,  thus  hiding  the  windows 
from  the  view  of  others  wishing  to  see. 

Do  not  giggle  nor  comment  on  others  near  you  on  the  cars,  in  the 
theaters,  lecture  rooms,  or  church. 

Do  not  fail  to  see  and  to  greet  all  older  friends  and  acquaintances 
courteously  and  pleasantly. 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES   GOOD  CONDUCT. 


33 


Strong  young  people  should  offer  their  seats  in  street  cars  to  those 
who  are  old  and  weak,  to  cripples,  and  especially  to  mothers  carrying 
babies. 

When  you  receive  courtesies  from  boys  or  gentlemen  thank  them 
pleasantly  and  heartily;  for  example,  if  a  boy  or  a  gentleman,  even 
though  he  be  a  stranger,  holds  a  door  open  for  you  to  pass  through, 
say,  " Thank  you"  quietly,  but  loud  enough  for  him  to  hear  it. 

Dress  and  act  in  such  a  way  that  you  do  not  call  attention  to 
yourself.  Girls  sometimes  complain  of  being  rudely  stared  at  on  the 


FIG.  14.— Conversing  with  lady  out  of  doors,  therefore  hat  in  hand. 

street;  it  is  often  because  they  are  dressed  conspicuously  or  are 
themselves  acting  rudely. 

Street  conduct  for  boys. — Walk  on  the  street  in  a  manly,  self- 
respecting  way,  with  hat  properly  adjusted. 

Upon  meeting  a  lady  or  girl  friend  or  acquaintance,  raise  the  hat. 
The  really  polite  boy  always  raises  his  hat  on  meeting  his  elders, 
whether  ladies  or  gentlemen,  and  is  especially  careful  to  do  so  if  the 
lady  or  gentleman  is  quite  old. 

If  a  boy  meets  a  lady  or  girl  friend  on  the  street  and  wishes  to  talk 
with  her,  he  should  not  stop  and  talk  with  her  on  the  sidewalk,  but 
should  walk  with  her  in  the  direction  in  which  she  is  going,  always 


34  TRAINING   IN   COURTESY. 

walking  on  the  outside,  and  carrying  her  packages  if  she  has  any. 
In  parting  with  her  he  should  lift  his  hat. 

When  standing  speaking  with  a  lady  out  of  doors,  a  boy  or  gentle- 
man should  hold  his  hat  in  his  hand. 

In  passing  through  a  door,  hold  it  open  for  the  lady  or  the  girl, 
even  if  she  is  a  stranger. 

In  going  upstairs,  unless  he  can  walk  beside  her,  a  boy  should  follow 
a  lady  or  girl;  in  coming  downstairs  he  should  precede  her. 

Whenever  a  question  is  asked  by  a  stranger  answer  freely  and  civilly. 

Do  not  stare  rudely  at  ladies  or  girls  or  make  slighting  remarks 
about  them. 

Always  give  assistance  to  elderly  people  when  crossing  the  street, 
getting  on  cars,  etc.,  and  to  mothers  with  little  children,  and  to 
cripples. 

A  boy  accompanying  his  mother  or  sister  or  any  other  lady  should 
raise  his  hat  when  the  lady  or  girl  bows  or  returns  the  bow  of  another, 
whether  he  knows  the  person  or  not. 

Do  not  whistle  in  public  hallways,  elevators,  or  waiting  rooms  when 
ladies  are  present  or  when  you  seem  to  be  giving  annoyance  to  anyone. 

Sneezing,  coughing,  and  yawning. — It  is  not  polite  to  sneeze  or 
cough  in  public  if  it  can  be  prevented.  Usually  a  sneeze  can  be 
stopped  by  pressing  heavily  with  the  finger  just  above  the  upper  lip. 
If  you  must  cough  or  sneeze,  lift  your  handkerchief  to  your  mouth 
or  nose. 

Sometimes  it  happens  that  our  food  does  not  agree  with  us  and  that 
gases  form  in  the  stomach  which  force  their  way  out  through  the 
mouth,  causing  us  to  hiccough  or  to  belch.  When  this  happens  we 
should  always  cover  the  mouth  quickly  with  the  hand  or  with  the 
handkerchief  and  say  " Excuse  me,"  or  "Pardon  me."  By  holding 
the  breath  awhile  a  hiccough  can  often  be  stopped. 

Clearing  the  throat  or  the  nose  should  be  done,  if  possible,  pri- 
vately. If  it  be  necessary  to  do  either  in  public,  we  should  be  quiet 
about  it.  No  one  who  has  been  properly  trained  blows  the  nose 
noisily.  It  must  be  done  sometimes,  of  course,  but  good  taste  and 
custom  among  refined  people  require  that  it  be  done  so  as  not  to 
attract  attention.  Do  not  toy  with  the  handkerchief  after  blowing 
the  nose;  put  it  immediately  into  the  pocket. 

Yawning  .and  stretching  in  company  makes  one  appear  very 
stupid.  Do  not  allow  yourself  to  yawn.  If  you  are  tired  and 
sleepy  and  can  do  so,  go  to  bed;  or  else,  if  possible,  go  out  into  the 
fresh  air  and  walk  off  your  sleepy  spell,  or  bathe  your  face  in  cold 
water. 

If  you  are  a  member  of  an  audience,  never  yawn  openly.  One  who 
does  this  seems  to  be  insulting  the  speaker  who  is  trying  to  interest 
him.  When  a  member  of  an  audience  yawns  this  seems  to  the 


WHAT  CONSTITUTES   GOOD   CONDUCT.  35 

speaker  to  mean,  "I  am  not  interested  in  what  you  are  saying;  you 
are  tiresome."  Surely  this  would  not  be  polite.  You  would  not  say 
this,  then  do  not  act  it  by  yawning.  If  it  is  unavoidable  to  suppress 
a  yawn,  place  the  hand  or  the  handkerchief  over  the  mouth  while 
yawning. 

After  drinking  from  a  glass  or  a  cup  something  that  pleases  you,  it 
is  not  proper  to  blow  out  the  breath  in  a  sigh  of  satisfaction,  as  much 
as  to  say,  "This  is  very  good."  It  is  not  "bad"  to  do  this,  but  it  is  not 
done  by  those  who  have  good  manners.  If  you  wish  to  express  your 
pleasure  you  can  say,  "This  is  delicious"  or  "This  is  very  refreshing." 

If  your  food  is  too  hot,  never  blow  upon  it  to  cool  it.  Wait  until  it 
gets  cool  enough  to  eat. 

If  you  find  others  doing  any  of  these  things,  that  is  no  reason  why 
you  should  do  so.  Perhaps  they  are  very  thoughtless  persons,  or  per- 
haps they  have  not  had  a  chance  to  learn  good  manners.  You  do  not 
wish  to  be  considered  thoughtless,  and  you  are  having  a  fine  oppor- 
tunity to  learn  how  to  conduct  yourself  wherever  you  may  be.  We 
can  not  all  have  fine  clothes,  but  we  can  all  have  fine  manners. 
Which  are  the  better  ? 

Quarreling. — Quarreling  shows  very  bad  manners.  Quarreling  is 
never  necessary.  We  can  not  always  agree  with  our  friends  or  com- 
panions. Of  course  not,  but  because  we  have  different  opinions  we 
do  not  need  to  quarrel  about  them. 

Quarreling  shows  neither  good  manners  nor  good  conduct;  it  may 
show  ignorance  of  the  right  way  to  behave.  No  one  who  knows 
better  ought  to  be  guilty  of  quarreling.  Sometimes  very,  very 
small  children,  almost  babies^  quarrel  and  we  forgive  them  and  say, 
"They  are  so  little,  they  do  not  know  any  better,"  and  then  we 
separate  them  and  explain  to  them  that  they  must  not  quarrel  or 
they  will  never,  never  get  on  well  in  this  world.  Quarrelsome  people 
never  do,  if  you  notice;  they  are  always  in  trouble,  never  happy,  and 
always  making  others  unhappy.  Those  who  make  others  unhappy, 
when  it  is  not  necessary  to  do  so,  have  bad  manners. 

This  seems  so  easy  to  understand  that  it  is  no  wonder  kind-hearted 
people,  who  wish  to  do  right  and  be  fair,  long  ago  made  a  rule  for 
themselves,  and  that  rule  was:  Never  quarrel;  it  is  wrong  and 
unkind,  and  shows  very  bad  manners. 

Surely  that  settles  the  matter.  We  wish  to  do  right,  to  be  kind, 
and  to  have  good  manners;  so  no  quarreling. 

CTieerf ulness. — To  be  cheerful  when  it  is  not  easy  to  be  cheerful 
shows  very  good  manners.  Any  one  can  be  cheerful  when  pleasant 
things  are  happening,  but  it  takes  courage  to  be  cheerful  when 
things  go  wrong  or  when  there  are  hard  duties  to  perform. 
Cheerful  boys  and  girls  are  sure  to  have  many  friends;  they  do  much 
good  in  the  world.  It  is  easy  to  be  a  coward;  it  is  not  always  easy 


36  .  TRAINING   IN   COURTESY. 

to  be  brave.  We  know  this.  Cheerfulness  is  a  kind  of  bravery. 
Even  if  the  task  is  hard,  even  if  you  are  tired,  be  full  of  courage. 
Do  not  let  a  cloudy  look  come  into  your  face.  Do  not  let  the  corners 
of  your  mouth  turn  down  or  your  lips  stick  out. 

Look  into  the  faces  of  some  dear  old  people  whom  you  know.  You 
will  find  little  wrinkles  at  the  corners  of  the  eyes;  and  their  eyes, 
even  if  dim,  seem  to  twinkle,  while  their  lips  seem  always  ready  to 
break  into  smiles.  This  is  because  they  have  been  cheerful,  kind- 
hearted,  good-mannered  people  for  many  years.  They  began  when 
they  were  boys  and  girls,  and  the  pleasant  look  grew  right  into  their 
faces.  They  did  not  pout  or  whine,  or  look  sullen  and  cross  when 
there  were  hard  things  to  do.  They  were  not  cowards,  afraid  of 
hard  things;  they  were  brave  and  cheerful. 

We  can  not  very  easily  change  our  expression  after  the  ugly,  cross 
look  gets  set;  it,  too,  grows  right  into  our  faces.  It  is  well  to  begin 
when  we  are  young  to  look  cheerful,  no  matter  how  we  feel.  If  we 
do  this  often  enough  and  steadily  enough,  we  shall  feel  cheerful  too, 
and  then  we  shall  be  able  to  make  many  people  happy.  This  is 
worth  while.  It  is  a  great  thing  to  make  people  happy,  one  of  the 
best  in  all  the  world. 

Whom  can  you  make  happy  right  now?  Whom  can  you  make 
happy  when  you  go  home  to-night?  Remember,  a  cheerful  boy  or 
girl  is  a  brave  boy  or  girl.  It  is  easy  to  get  cross  and  be  ill-tempered. 
It  takes  courage  to  keep  your  temper  and  be  cheerful. 


II.  GOOD  MANNERS  DRAMATIZED. 

Teachers  do  not  always  find  it  easy  to  hold  the  attention  of  children 
when  teaching  rules  and  forms  of  good  manners  and  right  conduct. 
The  wise  teacher,  therefore,  frequently  makes  use  of  dramatization, 
because  children,  when  "acting,"  are  attentive,  interested,  and 
receptive.  Moreover,  the  acting  of  the  children  enables  the  teacher 
to  perceive  whether  the  teaching  is  understood. 

Almost  any  facts  of  good  manners  and  right  conduct  may  be 
taught  by  means  of  dramatization.  Teachers  can  select  the  facts 
best  suited  to  the  children  of  their  schools  and  let  the  children  act 
them.  Much  of  the  value  of  the  method  lies  in  the  working  out  of 
"the  story."  The  following  dramatizations  have  been  chosen  from 
a  number  worked  out  by  the  children  and  student-teachers  of  the 
San  Jose  (Cal.)  State  Normal  School,  under  the  direction  of  Miss 
Bessie  McCabe.  They  are  full  of  suggestion.  While  the  dialogues 
presented  may  be  copied  with  profit,  they  would  serve  their  purpose 
better  if  used  as  types.  Teachers  and  children  in  various  schools 
can  easily  devise  others  for  themselves. 

CLEANLINESS. 

(Any  number  of  children  playing  school.) 

Beth. — Let's  play  school. 

Children. — Oh,  yes;  let's. 

Marian. — I  choose  to  be  teacher. 

Children. — You'd  make  a  fine  teacher. 

Marian. — March  to  your  seats,  pupils.  What  lesson  would  you 
like  to  have  first  ? 

Mary. — Oh!  Miss  Marian,  please  may  we  play  our  neatness  game '{ 

Children. — Please,  Miss  Marian. 

Marian. — Very  well.     What  good  thing  did  you  do  to-day,  James  ? 

James. — I  got  up  the  first  time  my  mother  called  me.  Then  I 
washed  my  face  and  neck  and  ears  so  clean  that  even  mother  could 
not  find  a  speck  of  dirt. 

Marian. — That  will  do,  James.  You  were  a  good  boy.  What 
did  you  do,  Mary  ? 

Mary — After  washing  carefully,  I  brushed  my  teeth  up  and  down, 
just  as  our  dentist  said  we  should. 

Marian — I  am  glad  you  remembered  that,  Mary.  John  may  tell 
us  what  he  did. 

John — I  combed  my  hair  neatly  and  then  scrubbed  my  nails  with 
the  nailbrush. 

Marian — That  pleases  me  very  much,  John.     Elsie  may  be  next. 

37 


38 


TRAINING   IN    COURTESY. 


^  Elsie — I  brushed  my  hair  and  took  such  care  to  get  nice  and  clean 
that  mother  was  pleased  and  said  that  I  might  wear  my  white  dress. 
Marian — You  have  been  very  good,  neat  children.     Now  we  shall 
have  recess. 

FAIR   PLAY. 

ACT  I. 
(Scene:  School  grounds.    Three  boys  playing  ball.) 

James — Oh !  Can't  you  pitch  harder  ? 
Robert — Of  course  I  can.     Look  out ! 

Fred — If  you  want  me  to  hit  the  ball,  you'll  have  to  throw  harder 
than  that. 
Robert — Here  goes ! 


FIG.  15.— Dramatization  of  telling  on  themselves. 

James — Now  you've  done  it !  The  window's  smashed !  No  one  is 
about.  Let's  run  away. 

Fred— Oh,  that's  cowardly.  We'd  better  tell  Mr.  Barry.  Bob 
threw  that  ball,  so  he'll  have  to  pay  for  the  glass. 

Robert — Of  course  we  ought  to  tell.  There  goes  Miss  Williams. 
Let's  ask  her  if  Mr.  Barry  is  hi  his  office.  (Running  toward  Miss 
Williams.) 

James — Who-o-o !  M-i-s-s  W-i-1-l-i-a-m-s !  Excuse  me  for  scream- 
ing at  you  like  that,  Miss  Williams.  We  want  to  ask  you  if  Mr.  Barry 
is  in  his  office. 

Miss  W. — Yes,  boys.     Do  you  wish  to  see  him? 

B0yS — Yes,  thank  you.  Good  night,  Miss  Williams.  (All  take  off 
hats.) 

Miss ,  W. — Good  night,  boys. 


GOOD  MANNERS  DRAMATIZED.  39 

ACT  II. 

(Scene:  Principal's  office.) 
Knock  at  door. 

Principal — Come  in ! 

Fred — How  do  you  do,  Mr.  Barry  ? 

Mr.  B. — How  do  you  do,  boys  ?     What  can  I  do  for  you  ? 

Fred — We  have  something  to  tell  you.  We  were  playing  ball  and 
Bob  threw  a  hard  one  and  broke  a  window. 

Robert — Of  course  I'll  pay  for  it. 

Mr.  B. — Do  you  think  Robert  ought  to  pay  for  it,  boys  ? 

James — Surely !     He  threw  the  ball. 

Mr.  B. — But  if  you  had  caught  it,  the  window  would  not  have  been 
broken. 

Fred — Yes,  sir.     That's  right.     Jim  will  have  to  pay  half. 

Mr.  B. — But  if  you,  Fred,  had  lilt  the  ball,  would  the  window  have 
been  broken  ? 

James — I  think  we're  all  to  blame,  so  we'll  all  have  to  pay. 

Mr.  B. — I  think  you're  right.  It  seems  to  me  the  only  fair  way  to 
settle  the  trouble. 

James — And,  Mr.  Barry,  I  want  to  say  that  Bob's  the  best  of  us 
all.  He  knew  he'd  have  to  work  hard  to  pay  for  the  window,  but 
he  wanted  to  tell  all  the  time. 

Mr.  B. — I  am  glad  to  know  that,  James,  and  I  am  pleased  that 
you  told  on  yourselves  before  I  found  it  out. 

Boys — Thank  you,  Mr.  Barry. 

Mr.  B. — Good  night,  boys. 

Boys — Good  night,  Mr.  Barry. 

BEHAVIOR    ON    STREET    CARS. 

(Scene:  Street  corner.) 

(Three  boys  and  three  girls  waiting  for  car.    As  it  comes  along,  Emily  starts  to  cross  to  it  without  looking 
up  or  down  the  street.) 

Bessie — Look  out,  Emily,  that  auto  will  run  over  you ! 

Emily  (stopping  just  in  time) — Oh,  my!  That  was  a  narrow 
escape.  I  never  think  to  look  before  I  cross  the  street. 

(Car  stops.  Seats  arranged  to  suggest  car.)  (Billy  and  Louis 
hurry  toward  steps.) 

Bitty — Come  on,  boys,  let's  get  seats  in  front. 

Elmer — Plenty  of  room.  Let's  stand  aside  and  let  the  girls  get 
on  first. 

(Boys  stand  aside  while  girls  get  on  car.  The  boys  follow.  Nell 
drops  a  package.  Billy  picks  it  up — returns  it,  at  the  same  time 
raising  his  hat.) 

Nell— Thank  you,  Billy. 

(Conductor  collects  fares;  overlooks  Louis.) 


40 


TRAINING   IN    COURTESY. 


Louis  (to  other  boys) — He  didn't  get  my  fare.  Ill  treat  as  soon 
as  we  get  off. 

Elmer — Do  you  really  think  that's  the  honest  thing  to  do  ? 

Louis — Well,  I  don't  know.  I  always  thought  if  you  offered 
your  money"  and  the  conductor  didn't  take  it,  that  was  his  fault. 
But  I  guess  you're  right,  Elmer.  I've  had  the  ride  and  I  ought  to 
pay  for  it. 

(Conductor  comes  by  again.) 

Louis — Conductor,  you  forgot  to  take  my  fare.  (Holds  up 
money.) 

Conductor — There's  an  honest  boy.     Thank  you. 


FIG.  16.  -Children  dramatizing  behavior  on  street  cars. 

Billy  (to  conductor) — Please  stop  at  Seventh  Street. 

(Car  stops.     Boys  rise.) 

Conductor — Wait  until  the  car  stops,  boys. 

Boys — We  will,  conductor. 

(As  they  get  off  the  car  an  old  lady  with  a  bundle  is  waiting  to 
get  on.) 

Billy — Permit  me,  madam;  let  me  hold  your  bundle  while  you 
get  on. 

Old  lady — Thank  you,  my  boy,  you  are  very  kind. 

(Louis  helps  lady  up  steps.  Billy  hands  bundle  up.  Boys  raise 
hats  and  go  down  street.  Lady  smiles  and  bows.) 


GOOD   MANNERS  DRAMATIZED. 


A    PICNIC. 


41 


t  Hoys  ;ind  girls  walking.     Boys  carry  boxes  and  baskets  for  girls.) 

Jack — What  a  fine  oak  tree!     That  is  just  the  place  for  a  picnic. 

Mary — So  near  the  spring,  too. 

Elsie — See  these  lovely  forns. 

Will — These  rocks  are  just  what  we  want  for  the  fireplace. 

Helen  (clapping  her  hands) — Just  look  up  there  on  that  hill  at  the 
cream  cups  and  baby-blue-eyes. 

All — Let's  stay  right  here. 

Tom — Come  on,  boys.  We'll  bring  wood  and  make  the  fire  while 
the  girls  spread  the  table. 


FIG.  17.— Cleaning  up  after  a  picnic. 
t 

All  the  boys — All  right,  Captain  Tom. 

(All  work  at  various  tasks.) 

Elsie — Lunch  is  ready !  Find  your  places.  Please  start  the  sand- 
wiches, Lucy,  while  I  pour  the  lemonade. 

Will — What  delicious  salad  this  is!  Your  mother  is  a  good  cook, 
Mary. 

Bob — These  sandwiches  are  fine,  too. 

Helen — Please  pass  the  cake,  Jack.     Thank  you. 

(All  eat  and  pass  the  things,  using  as  they  do  so  various  polite 
phrases.) 

Mary — Goodness  me,  but  haven't  wo  had  a  fine  lunch!  Now,  let's 
play  games. 

Will— Good !     What  shall  we  play  ? 


42  TRAINING   IN   COURTESY. 

Tom — No  games  until  we  have  picked  up  orange  peels  and  tin  cans, 
burned  all  these  soiled  papers,  put  out  the  fire,  and  left  this  spot  a°, 
beautiful  as  we  found  it. 

Helen— Hurrah  for  Tom!     We'll  all  help. 

(All  pick  up  scraps,  etc.) 

All — Now  are  you  satisfied,  Captain  Tom  ? 

Tom — Yes,  indeed.  This  lovely  place  is  all  ready  for  another 
picnic  party. 

All — I  hope  they'll  have  as  good  a  time  as  we  had. 


BOOKS  CONTAINING  SUGGESTIONS  FOR  TEACHING  GOOD  MANNERS 
AND  RIGHT  BEHAVIOR. 

An  American  book  of  golden  deeds.    American  Book  Co. 

Blue  goops  and  red.1     Frederick  A.  Stokes  Co.     (A  manual  of  manners  for  children.) 

The  children's  book  of  moral  lessons.     London,  Watts  &  Co. 

A  course  in  citizenship.     Houghton  Mifflin  Co. 

Ethics  for  children.     Houghton  Mifllin  Co. 

The  golden  rule  series.     Macmillan  Co. 

Golden  windows.     Little,  Brown  &  Co. 

Goop  tales.1    Frederick  A.  Stokes  Co. 

Goops.1    Frederick  A.  Stokes  Co. 

Heroes  of  every  day  life.     Ginn  &  Co. 

More  goops.1     Frederick  A.  Stokes  Co. 

Parent  Teachers'  Association.     Courtesies  for  every  day.     Santa  Ana,  Cal.,  Parent 

Teachers'  Association.     (Care  of  Mrs.  L.  K.  Strong,  419  W.  17th  Street.) 
Philippine  Islands,  Manila.     Bureau  of  Education.     Good  manners  and  right  conduct. 

Manila,  1914.     (Bulletin  No.  47.) 
Two  noble  lives.     Little,  Brown  &  Co. 

1  Humorous 

O 


BULLETIN  OF  THE  BUREAU  OF  EDUCATION. 

[Continued  from  page  2  of  cover.] 

To.  34.  Institutions   in   the  United   States  giving  instruction   in   agriculture. 

A.  C.  Monahan  and  C.  H.  Dye. 
,'-5.  The    township    and    community    high-school    movement    in    Illinois. 

II.    A.    Ilollister. 
',(}.  Demand  for  vocational  education  in  the  countries  at  war.     Anna  T. 

Smith. 

aLVrence  on  training  for  foreign  service.     Glen  L.  Swiggett. 
N<>.  38.  Vocational  teachers  for  secondary  schools.    C.  D.  Jarvis. 
No.  39.  Teaching  English  to  aliens.     Winthrop  Talbot. 

No.  40.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  September,  1817. 
No.  41.  Library  books  for  high  schools.    Martha  Wilson. 
No.  42.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  October,  1917. 
No.  43.  Educational  directory,  1917-18. 
No.  44.  Educational  conditions  in  Arizona. 
No.  45.  Summer  sessions  in  city  schools.    W.  S.  Deffenbaugh. 
No.  46.  The  public  school  system  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Xo.  47.  The  preparation  and  preservation  of  vegetables.    Henrietta  W.  Calvin 

and  Carrie  A.  Lyford. 

No.  48.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  November,  1917. 
10.  Music  in  secondary  schools.    A  report  of  the 'Commission  on  Secondary 

Education.    Will  Earhart  and  Osbourne  McConathy. 
No.  50.  Physical  education  in  secondary  schools.     A  report  of  the  Commission 

on  Secondary  Education. 
No.  51.  Moral  values  in  secondary  education.    A  report  of  the  Commission  on 

Secondary  Education.    Henry  Neumann. 

No.  52.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  December,  1917. 
No.  53.  The  conifers  of  the  Rocky  Mountains.     J.  E.  Kirkwood. 
No.  54.  Training  in  courtesy.    Margaret  S.  McNaught. 
No.  55.  Statistics  of  State  universities  and  State  colleges,  1917. 

1918. 

Xo.    1.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  January,  1918. 
No.    2.  The  publications  of  the  United  States  Government,    W.  I.  S  wanton. 
Xo.    3.  Agricultural   instruction   in  the  high   schools   of  six   eastern   States. 
C.  H.  Lane. 

4.  Monthly  record  of  current  educational  publications,  February,  1918. 

5.  Work  of  the  Bureau  of  Education  for  the  natives  of  Alaska,  1916-17. 

Wm.  Hamilton. 

6.  The  curriculum  of  the  woman's  college.    Mabel  L.  Robinson. 


